Medical hazardous and household waste

“Health services lead to waste production, which can have negative effects on health. Most of these wastes are no more dangerous than normal household wastes. However, some healthcare waste poses a higher risk for health. These include infectious wastes (15-25% of total healthcare wastes), sharp wastes (1%), body part wastes (1%), chemical or pharmaceutical wastes (3%), and radioactive and cytotoxic wastes. or broken thermometers)

The purpose of this article is to inform the reader about different technology options for the treatment of infectious medical waste, especially for developing countries. Defines incubation, chemical treatment, autoclaving, microwave oven and shredding / compression processes. Performance issues, environmental impacts, and perspectives from some developing countries are described. While seeking effective solutions for the disposal of medical waste in developing world healthcare environments, it is necessary to design and build a sustainable system for the management of medical waste. All approaches to the management of medical waste should consider the environmental, financial and technical feasibility of treatment and disposal technologies under the following conditions:

(1) Solve the most critical factors first: needle sting injuries and exposure to pathogens.

(2) Identify cost-effective and cost-effective solutions in each private health situation.

(3) Consider technical feasibility in the existing health and sanitation infrastructure.

(4) Prioritize the best environmental practices, taking into account the local infrastructure.

Basic Principles of Waste Management Program

The hospital project manager is generally responsible for ensuring that hospital waste is managed in accordance with national legislation and international conventions.

In the hospital and the corresponding health services.

1 * Medical waste storage

2 * Hazardous waste storage

3 * It must have domestic waste storage.

Duties of Hospital Project Manager

* Creating a working group responsible for the preparation of the waste management plan.

* Appoint local waste manager, who will check and coordinate the waste management plan daily.

* Assignment of tasks; to prepare job descriptions.

* To allocate financial and human resources.

* Implementation of the waste disposal plan.

* Performing inspections and constantly updating and improving the waste management system.

* Duties of the Water and Habitat Engineer

* The water and habitat engineer is responsible for:

First assessment of the waste situation;

* Proposing to the working group a waste management plan in accordance with any existing national waste management plan (including selection of treatment / disposal methods).

* Planning of construction and maintenance of waste storage and disposal facilities.

* Assessment of environmental impact of waste management (monitoring contamination, conducting hydrogeological assessments, etc.).

* To regularly analyze the risks for the staff.

* Supervision of the local waste manager.

Education.

Duties of the Hospital Manager

* The hospital manager is responsible for:

* To ensure that supplies stocks (bags, containers and containers, personal protective equipment, etc.) are permanently available.

* Examine and evaluate costs; preparing contracts with third parties (carriers, subcontractors).

* Advising on purchasing policies to minimize / replace certain items (mercury-free equipment, PVC-free equipment, etc.).

* Monitoring the proper implementation of protective measures.

* Supervision in the absence of water and habitat engineers.

Duties of the Head Nurse

The head nurse is responsible for:

* Training of maintenance personnel in waste management (paying special attention to new personnel).

* Tracking, sorting, picking, storage and shipping procedures in various services.

* Monitoring of protective measures.

* To take measures to control hospital hygiene and control infection.

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Medical hazardous and household waste

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