Refrigerant Gases in Cooling System

Refrigerants are generally referred to as substances that cool them by taking heat from the substances to be cooled. Refrigerants directly or indirectly cool the surrounding materials.

The properties required for refrigerants are as follows;

- It must have positive evaporation pressure. The evaporation pressure should be slightly above the ambient pressure to prevent the water vapor from solidifying in the cold parts and causing operating disruptions.

- There must be low condensing pressure. High pressure resistant compressors, condensers, pipelines should be installed.

- Evaporation latent heat should be high. The higher the evaporation latent temperature, the more gaseous fluid will be used in the system.

- It should not be chemically active, it should not affect the installation material, it should not be corrosive and should not change the properties of the lubricating oil.

- It should not be flammable, explosive and poisonous.

- It should be capable of allowing easy detection of leaks. (Odor, color)

- It should be cheap.

- It must have a high heat permeability.

- Di should be electric.

- It should be low freezing temperature.

- It should have a high critical temperature.

- The specific volume should be small.

- It should have low viscosity.

- It should be able to evaporate at low temperature at atmospheric pressure.

- The condensing pressure should not be high. The condensation temperature should be high.

- It should not affect the pipes of the refrigerant system.

- While flowing in the system, its chemical structure should not be spoiled.

- It should not change the feature of the machine oil in the compressor.

- It should not be poisoning.

- It should be suitable for the use of a small capacity compressor.

First Class Refrigerants

There are many types of refrigerants, many of which have been specifically developed to adapt to a variety of operating conditions and requirements. Some refrigerants have a mixed chemical structure and are usually symbolized by refrigerant classification numbers starting with the letter R. Classification numbers and some physical properties of some commonly used refrigerants are given in the table below.

Gases do not boil at 760 mm ºC Critical temperature ºC Critical pressure (Atm) Freezing point ºC

Oxygen -183 -18.5 49.7 -218

Nitrogen -195.65 -146.74 33.54 -200.95

Hydrogen -252.74 -240 12.8 -259

Helium -270 -268 2.26 -271

Carbon dioxide +31 73

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Refrigerant Gases in Cooling System

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